What is Breast Cancer?

Breast cancer occurs when abnormal cells in the breast grow uncontrollably, forming a tumor. If left untreated, these cancerous cells can spread to other parts of the body. The key to successful treatment is early detection through regular screenings.

Common Symptoms of Breast Cancer

• A lump or thickening in the breast or underarm
• Changes in breast size or shape
• Unexplained pain in the breast or nipple
• Nipple discharge, especially if bloody
• Skin changes, such as dimpling or redness
• Inverted nipple or changes in nipple appearance

Types of Breast Cancer

• Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS): A non-invasive cancer where abnormal cells are found in the milk ducts.
• Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC): The most common type, where cancer cells spread beyond the ducts into surrounding breast tissue.
• Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS): Abnormal cells in the lobules of the breast, considered a marker of higher cancer risk.
• Inflammatory Breast Cancer: A rare and aggressive form that causes redness and swelling in the breast.
• Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A difficult-to-treat type that lacks three common hormone receptors.

Risk Factors for Breast Cancer

• Age: Risk increases with age, particularly after 50.
• Genetics: Family history and inherited mutations (e.g., BRCA1, BRCA2 genes).
• Hormonal Factors: Early menstruation, late menopause, or hormone therapy.
• Lifestyle Choices: Poor diet, obesity, alcohol consumption, and lack of exercise.
• Radiation Exposure: Previous radiation therapy to the chest.

Early Detection and Screening

• Breast Self-Exam: Checking for lumps or changes at home.
• Clinical Breast Exam: A physical examination by a healthcare professional.
• Mammogram: An X-ray screening recommended annually for women over 40.
• Ultrasound & MRI: Additional imaging for those at higher risk.

Treatment Options

Treatment depends on the stage and type of breast cancer. Options include:

• Surgery: Lumpectomy (removal of the tumor) or mastectomy (removal of the breast).
• Radiation Therapy: Targeted radiation to destroy cancer cells.
• Chemotherapy: Powerful drugs to kill cancer cells throughout the body.
• Hormone Therapy: Used for hormone receptor-positive cancers.
• Targeted Therapy: Treatments that specifically attack cancer cells.

Preventive Measures

• Maintain a healthy diet and exercise regularly.
• Limit alcohol consumption and avoid smoking.
• Perform regular breast self-exams and attend screenings.
• Discuss genetic testing if you have a family history of breast cancer.

When to Seek Medical Attention

If you notice any unusual breast changes, lumps, or persistent pain, seek medical advice immediately. Early detection significantly improves survival rates and treatment outcomes.

How We Can Help

At Alchemist Hospitals, we provide state-of-the-art breast cancer care, from screening and diagnosis to advanced treatment and survivorship support. Our compassionate team is here to guide you through every step of your journey to recovery.

If you or a loved one needs breast cancer screening or treatment, contact us today to schedule an appointment with our specialists.